APSOS carried out a system joint adjustment in Huainan, Anhui Province before entering Tibet. In order to discover the mystery of infinite changes in the atmosphere, in 2012, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the first batch of national major scientific research equipment development projects, the multi-band multi-atmospheric component active and passive integrated detection system (APSOS) was launched.
The project has been successfully completed in recent days. At the Tibet Yangbajing International Cosmic Ray Observatory at an altitude of 4,300 meters, APSOS has entered a working state.
At night, a bunch of green and yellow lasers are fired into the sky, like a super laser pointer, exploring the temporal and spatial changes of greenhouse gases and pollutant gases in the atmosphere.
The APSOS project simultaneously observes multiple atmospheric elements. The scientific goal of APSOS is to obtain high vertical resolution observations of atmospheric temperature, humidity, wind field, atmospheric greenhouse gases and polluting gases, clouds and aerosols from near the ground to 110 km, to achieve vertical structure and motion changes. Research on component delivery.
Over the past 100 years, researchers have used computer and mathematical methods to support numerical simulations and predictions. Whether it is the establishment of models or the prediction methods, global long-term monitoring of atmospheric structure, composition, processes and changes is indispensable. These data come from meteorological stations established by countries and remote sensing, including radar and satellite. So, what is unique about APSOS?
"Our core scientific goal is to obtain important factors controlling the process of atmospheric motion, understand the interrelationship and coupling process, and describe it with quantitative laws to form a digital model." Lv Daren, a researcher at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, accepted The Science and Technology Daily reporter said in an interview.
How do I get data about these impact factors? “Researchers have developed a lot of observation techniques and means. The satellites of all countries in the world have also done a lot of work and provided a lot of data. However, it is not yet available to observe multiple atmospheric elements at such a high resolution at the same time.” Lu Daren said. “At the same time, long-term continuous observations of high temporal and spatial resolution of the main elements of the entire atmosphere in the vertical direction are essential for a clearer understanding of the atmospheric mechanisms underlying climate and environmental change.”
The APSOS project is to make up for this deficiency and simultaneously acquire all-in-one multi-component and multi-factor data. These factors include temperature, wind, ozone, carbon dioxide, water vapor, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, clouds and aerosols (aerosol refers to solid and liquid suspended particulate matter in the atmosphere, in fact, we usually say smog and dust) It is a kind of aerosol).
These elements all play an important role in climate and environmental change. The PM2.5 that everyone cares about is closely related to human health; aerosols also have a significant impact on climate change, atmospheric physical processes, environmental science, and atmospheric air transport; carbon dioxide emissions are the focus of attention around the world; And sulfur dioxide is also inseparable from environmental pollution.