There are two methods for Laser pointer measurement: in process and in process. Online or online measurement systems are integrated in the laser system, so continuous analysis can be performed. They use a portion of the laser beam somewhere in the beam path, usually close to the object being processed, and can provide continuous closed-loop feedback.
Despite extensive research on OPV, only a few examples are publicly available (most of which are listed above). Krebs, Hösel and others use it as a platform for researchers and a means to educate the public about "organic solar cells". (2013) Thousands of "freeOPV" modules have been prepared, which can be provided to anyone who requests it for free. These completely R2R-treated modules do not contain ITO, and their PCE range is 1.5-2% (10.0×14.2 cm2).
Some systems satisfy both in-process and in-process requirements. They include both CCD cameras for space measurement and independent sensors for measuring laser power density curves.
In AM applications, the camera is located on the build plane (see Figure 3), so it can provide power density distribution material on the working laser engraver (that is, where the beam melts the powder and forms a layer). The beam splitter directs a small part of the light beam to the camera, while most of the light beam passes through the integrated power sensor (see Figure 4). This conveyed information helps to establish a single or multidimensional view of the spatial power distribution within the beam (see Figure 5).
Similarly, EC technology has produced many interesting applications, from light control, switching between clear glass and frosted glass, small EC displays (which can be used for postcards) to even humidity sensors (which let you know when to water plants ) Have been applied, but again, these report the use of R2R processing.
The beam then passes through the various components of the laser processing head, which (again depending on the settings) can have beam shaping optics, scanning mirrors, focusing lenses and mirrors, protective glass covers, process gases and nozzles. Without good maintenance, all these elements will change the power distribution and reduce the beam quality.
A good laser process requires good maintenance and benchmarking, because the blue laser pointer will inevitably change over time. Ultimately, the laser process without proper measurement is uncontrolled, and comprehensive measurement is the key element to control the process.