China's 35th Antarctic expedition team carried a "super Laser pointer" that will launch lasers to this window to detect the "middle and high-level (75 km to 110 km) atmosphere" of the polar region. Lidar is an active optical remote sensing detection device. The super laser pointer has the advantages of high temporal and spatial resolution and high detection accuracy. Its working principle is to emit laser light into the high air to interact with atmospheric materials, and the optical telescope receives the scattered light signal, and then Further measure the atmospheric temperature and wind field (including wind speed, wind direction, etc.) data. It is understood that a visualization platform with a basic framework that has been built can realize the synchronous update of data and will realize remote monitoring of the system's operation. However, long-term and stable operation of such a sophisticated instrument in Tibet still poses certain challenges. The only passive remote sensing device in the system is a superconducting radiation spectrometer, which works in the terahertz band and is used to detect the content of greenhouse gases such as water vapor and ozone in the middle atmosphere. The terahertz band is currently the last electromagnetic band that can be developed and utilized. It has a strong atmospheric penetrating ability, and the super laser pointer can detect more distant targets.
Among them, the super laser pointer lidar, as an active optical remote sensing detection device, has the advantages of high temporal and spatial resolution and high detection accuracy. Its working principle is to launch laser into the atmosphere. The laser beam interacts with different substances in the atmosphere and is scattered back. The optical signal is received by the optical telescope, and then converted into an electrical signal by the photodetector. Based on different lidar principles, the content of different detected substances can be obtained by processing the received signals, and the atmospheric temperature and wind field can be obtained through the Doppler effect. The millimeter wave cloud measuring radar in the system is good at detecting high cirrus clouds sensitively.