Utilize the characteristics of laser high energy, high frequency and high power. The high energy is instantly deposited in a small area. Using high temperature to burn the oxide layer is also called laser pointer cleaning. The physical principle can be summarized as follows: The light beam emitted by the laser is absorbed by the contamination layer to be treated. The absorption of large energy forms a rapidly expanding plasma, generating shock waves. The shock wave turns the pollutants into fragments and is removed. The light pulse width must be short enough. Avoid heat accumulation to damage the surface to be treated. If the contamination layer is relatively thick, multiple pulses are required for cleaning. The number of pulses required to clean the surface depends on the degree of surface contamination.
Common treatment methods. In addition to metal surface rust removal, the emerging laser processing method. There are several common treatment methods. Can be roughly divided into four categories: manual derusting method. Use scraper, hand hammer, steel brush, grinding wheel and other tools. Knock, shovel, grind, scrape, etc. to remove rust. Mechanical derusting method. Use portable electric grinding wheels, electric brushes, pneumatic brushes, rust removal guns, etc. to effectively remove rust and dirt by impact and friction. Two methods, spraying and shot blasting, are widely used. Chemical treatment method. Use acid to react chemically with the rust (oxide) on the metal surface to be cleaned. Dissolve it in the acid solution. In addition, the hydrogen generated by the action of acid and metal makes the oxide scale mechanically fall off. Ultrasonic treatment. Use high-frequency vibration to shake off the loose rust.