Gain medium in laser pointer
The pump source, gain medium, and resonant cavity are the three major functional components of the laser. The pump source provides the light source for the laser, the gain medium (also called the working substance) absorbs the energy provided by the pump source and amplifies the light. The resonant cavity is the loop between the pump light source and the gain medium, and the resonant cavity oscillates and selects the mode to output the laser. . The gain medium is used to achieve population inversion and amplify the light, and at the same time determine the wavelength of the output laser. The gain medium can be liquid, gas and solid. Liquids such as organic solutions, gases such as carbon dioxide, and solids such as rubies. The basic requirement of the gain medium is to generate photons after being excited instead of photothermal conversion, and the particles in it must be in a relatively isolated state before the transition between energy levels can occur.
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There is no universal model for all Laser pointer types. The simplest model consists of two sub-level systems: the upper level and the lower level. In each sub-level system, fast switching can ensure that the thermal equilibrium is reached quickly, which leads to Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics of the excitation relationship between the various sub-levels in each system. Assume that the higher level is metastable. Similarly, it is assumed that the gain and refractive index are independent of the specific excitation method. In order to make the gain medium have good performance, the distance between each sub-stage should be greater than the operating temperature. Then, at the pump frequency, absorption dominates. If it is amplified, the transmit frequency of the optical signal is called the signal frequency. However, the same term is used even in lasers, oscillator, when using amplified radiation to transmit energy instead of information.
2021-10-06 09:48:41
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